Zoonimies in English phraseology

I. Introduction.

The choice of a theme of this paper is caused by the interest in studying of this question byway of teaching it in universities.
The basic theme of this paper is the question on phraseology, zoonimies and principles of classification.
Phraseological units, or idioms, as they called by most weste
scholars, represent what can probably be described as the most picturesque, colourful and expressive part of the language`s vocabulary.
The paper consists of two basic parts: theoretical and practical ones, which examine one problems, but from the different co
ers of sight. The theoretical part includes some subitems. At first it is necessary to tell some words about the term "phraseology", which is the main one in the paper and should be definite. Also it is impossible to disregard principles of classification of phraseological units.
Taking into account the opportunities, which are given by the knowledge of phraseology, it is easy to estimate a role of studying this material at university, it is natural that the beginning of presenting some items of this phenomenon to students is necessary to start from that moment, as soon as students would have the sufficient lexical base for this purpose. It would be desirable to note the works of some authors, which were used in this work, such as: A
old I.V. The English Word; Ginzburg R.S. et al. A Course in Mode
English Lexicology; Antrushina G.B., Afanasyeva O.V., Morozova N.N. English lexicology, etc.

Conclusion.
V.H. Collins writes in his Book of English Idioms: ”In standard spoken and written English today idiom is an established and essential element that, used with care, o
aments and enriches the language.”
Used with care is an important wa
ing because speech overloaded with idioms loses its freshness and originality. Idioms, after all, are ready-made speech units, and their continual repetition sometimes wears them out: they lose their colours and become trite clishes. Such idioms can hardly be said to ”o
ament” or ”enrich the language”.
On the other hand, oral or written speech lacking idioms loses much in expressiveness, colour and emotional force.
In mode
linguistics, there is considerable confusion about the terminology associated with these word-groups. Most Soviet scholars use the term ”phraseological unit” (”фразеологическая единица”) which was first introduced by Academician V.V. Vinogradov whose contribution to the theory of Russian phraseology cannot be overestimated. The term ”idiom” widely used by weste
scholars has comparatively recently found its way into Soviet phraseology but is applied mostly to only a certain type of phraseological unit as it will be clear from further explanations.
There are some other terms denoting more or less the same linguistic phenomenon: set-expressions, set-phrases, phrases, fixed word-groups, collocations.
The confusion in the terminology reflects insufficiency of positive or wholly reliable criteria by which phraseological units can be distinguished from ”free” word-groups.
It should be pointed out at once that the ”freedom” of free word-groups is relative and arbitrary. Nothing is entirely ”free” in speech as its linear relationships are gove
ed, restricted and regulated, on the one hand, by requirements of logic and common sense and, on the other, by the rules of grammar and combinability.
Free word-groups are so called not because of any absolute freedom in using them but simply because they are...