Method of Study of Phraseological Units

Phraseology is a science which studies phraseological units (phraseologisms), that is set expressions with a complicated semantic structure that can not be formed according generative structural semantic models of free word-combinations.
A method is a certain way of approach to the studied phenomenon, certain complex of propositions, scientific and technical modes the use of which gives an opportunity to study a given phenomenon. That’s why a method is always a system. Phraseological units are considerably more difficult formations than words. The main Language communicational function is a leading one. It conveys information from one communicant to other. The main informational parameters of phraseological units are quantity, character and independence.
In this course paper there were researched several methods of the analysis and ways of their procedures.
In the part of linguistic investigation there were analyzed 25 phraseological units In order to display the differences, likeness, dependency of meanings of the ideophraseosemantic units, the transference of the initial meaning used in terminologies there was chosen the method of phraseological identification based on the distinguishing the semantic stability in praseological unit.
Further there was presented statistics of the results of identifications researched in the linguistic investigation.
Phraseology is extremely difficult phenomenon studying of which needs its own method of research and the use of information of the other sciences – lexicology, grammar, stylistics, phonetics, language history, history, philosophy, logics and country-specific studies.

In this part of the course paper there were discussed some cases of the analysis of phraseological units by A.V.Kunin. In order to display the differences, likeness, dependency of meanings of the ideophraseosemantic units, the transference of the initial meaning used in terminologies there was chosen the method of phraseological identification based on the distinguishing the semantic stability in praseological unit. Semantic stability of such complexes differ from the semantic stability of idioms, because there are two phraseological variants in the semantic structure of ideophraseologism: usual technical term or colloquial professionalism used with literal but complicated meaning and with complete reconsidered meaning. 25 phraseological units were taken from the American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms as the supplement to the course paper. The analysis was carried out according to its special plan where the stress was put on such identifications as transference of the initial meaning of phraseological units and components of their meanings which were worked out by V.N. Teliya. The most of the structure of the plane was taken from “A practical course in English lexicology” by I.V. Zykova.
There are can be singled out such identifications with their statistics:
A.
• no transference - 3; partial transference - 20; complete transference - 2;
B.
• neutral value - 13; positive value - 5; negative value - 5; depending on the context - 2;
• not motivated - 0; motivated - 25;
• no emotiveness - 7; approval - 5; disapproval - 2; depending on the context - 11;
• neutral - 7; formal - 1; neutral and formal – 11; neutral and informal – 5;
• no change - 1; only morphological change - 0; only syntactic change - 8; both changes - 17;
• no gender macrocomponent - 20; men - 0; women - 0; people – 5.