Глагольные фразеологические единицы английского языка

Phraseological units, or idioms, are stable expression with their own meaning exist in every language throughout its history developing together with the language. Understanding of each national culture comes to us through the understanding of phraseological units. Many proverbs and sayings reflect national traits, customs, traditions of people, possessing the same language imagery that has history of nation.
Phraseological units are widely used in speech, literature, fiction, and mass media, making style bright, imaginative and colorful. Many idioms in the English language are characterized by ambiguity and stylistic diversity; it makes their translation into other foreign languages difficult.
Nowadays there are a number of scholars who pay their attention to the science of phraseology. One of the ideas is connected with the understanding of phraseological units as phenomena of culture.
Knowing phraseological units is a necessary condition of good knowledge of the language. It is a very important skill helping to understand the culture of the country of studied language. Moreover this knowledge helps to avoid in the speech so-called “russisismes” – literal translation of sentences from Russian into English.
In the present course paper we will deal with phraseological units (or idioms).
Phraseological units reflect the wealth of a language displaying cultural paradigms of the speakers of a particular language. They reflect cultural archetypes of an ethno-linguistic community and help to make explicit the peculiarities of its world perception.
Phraseological units as the particular units of language came into the focus of linguists’ attention in the beginning of the 20thcentury. In the second part
of the 20thcentury these word-combinations became the object of scientific investigation.
The field of phraseology in any language is so varied and fascinating that one could spend an entire lifetime consideringand analyzing it from various viewpoints. A...

Phraseological units (or idioms) are word groups with a fixed grammatical structure and lexical composition. Their meaning is familiar only to native speakers of the given language. It is generally figurative and cannot be derived from the meanings of the phraseological unit’s component parts. We should tell differences between phraseological units as set phrases and free word combinations.
A free combination is a syntactical unit, which consists notional and form words, and in which notional words have the function of independent parts of the sentence. And in a phraseological unit words are not independent. They form set-expressions. Neither words nor the order of words can be changed in these set expressions.
Free combinations are created by the speaker. Phraseological units are used by the speaker in a ready form, without any changes. The whole phraseological unit has a meaning which may be quite different from the meaning of its components, and therefore the whole unit, and not separate words, has the function of a part of the sentence.
Phraseological units consist of separate words and therefore they are different words, even from compounds. Word have several structural forms, but in idioms units only one component has all the forms of the paradigm of the part of speech it belongs to, and the rest of the components do not change their form.
The meanings of phraseological units are the result of the given language’s historical development.
There are several types of phraseological units according to degree of semantic cohesion: phraseological collocations which include a word or words with a meaning that is both literal and figurative, as in “profound silence”; phraseological unity, or idiomatic expression (a word group whose structure and meaning are fixed) and phraseological fusions, the most close phraseological units. The meaning of the components of phraseological fusions has no connections with the meaning of the whole group.
According to...